What Is Social Psychology?
What Is Social Psychology? Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Define social psychology Describe situational versus dispositional influences on behavior Describe the fundamental attribution error Explain actor-observer bias Describe self-serving bias Explain the just-world hypothesis Social psychology examines how people affect one another, and it looks at the power […]
Personality Assessment
Personality Assessment Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Discuss the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Recognize and describe common projective tests used in personality assessment Roberto, Mikhail, and Nat are college friends and all want to be police officers. Roberto is quiet and shy, lacks self-confidence, and usually follows […]
Cultural Understandings of Personality
Cultural Understandings of Personality Learning Objectives By the end of this section you should be able to: Discuss personality differences of people from collectivist and individualist cultures Discuss the three approaches to studying personality in a cultural context As you have learned in this chapter, personality is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors. The culture in […]
Trait Theorists
Trait Theorists Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Discuss early trait theories of Cattell and Eysenck Discuss the Big Five factors and describe someone who is high and low on each of the five factors Trait theorists believe personality can be understood via the approach that all people […]
Biological Approaches
Biological Approaches Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Discuss the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart as they relate to personality and genetics Discuss temperament and describe the three infant temperaments identified by Thomas and Chess Discuss the evolutionary perspective on personality development How much […]
Humanistic Approaches
Humanistic Approaches Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Discuss the contributions of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers to personality development As the “third force” in psychology, humanism is touted as a reaction both to the pessimistic determinism of psychoanalysis, with its emphasis on psychological disturbance, and to the behaviorists’ view […]
Learning Approaches
Learning Approaches Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe the behaviorist perspective on personality Describe the cognitive perspective on personality Describe the social cognitive perspective on personality In contrast to the psychodynamic approaches of Freud and the neo-Freudians, which relate personality to inner (and hidden) processes, the learning […]
Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney
Neo-Freudians: Adler, Erikson, Jung, and Horney Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Discuss the concept of the inferiority complex Discuss the core differences between Erikson’s and Freud’s views on personality Discuss Jung’s ideas of the collective unconscious and archetypes Discuss the work of Karen Horney, including her revision […]
Freud and the Psychodynamic Perspective
Freud and the Psychodynamic Perspective Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe the assumptions of the psychodynamic perspective on personality development Define and describe the nature and function of the id, ego, and superego Define and describe the defense mechanisms Define and describe the psychosexual stages of personality […]
What Is Personality?
What Is Personality? Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: Define personality Describe early theories about personality development Personality refers to the long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways. Our personality is what makes us unique individuals. Each person has an […]
